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Exam 10: Work and Rationalization

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Question 41

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Émile Durkheim said societies in which everyone is very similar, or homogenous, are based on ______ solidarity.

A) organic
B) mechanical
C) natural
D) artificial

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Question 42

Multiple Choice

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Ralf was an overseer of serfs on a manor in pre-Enlightenment Europe. If the crops failed, Ralf would most likely blame ______.

A) drought
B) demons
C) depleted soil
D) soil fungus

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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Question 43

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Shipping companies often hire more workers during busy times of the year, such as in months leading up to major holidays. These jobs are considered ______.

Mick works alone on an automobile assembly line, and does NOT control how he works. According to Marx's view, Mick's feeling about this job can be best described as ______.

Anything mass-produced is by definition cultural commodification.

Discuss the four ways Karl Marx asserted that capitalism distorts the process of work from its previous forms.

Ben goes to the motor vehicle department to renew his drivers' license and has to wait in line to take a number, then when his number is called, he finds out which other line to stand in to get his picture taken. All this seems to be excessively formal and a needlessly complex example of the ______.

The assembly line makes production faster, but also makes employees much easier to replace.

What is one drawback of increasing division of labor for employees?

Ernie's family has run his family-owned sandwich shop for eighty years. According to Ritzer, why is Ernie's sandwich shop likely resistant to McDonaldization?

How could the government best help workers displaced by automation?

Aboriginal Australians often live separately in their own communities as a way of preserving their ancient culture. This society is most likely based on ______ solidarity.

Which way of solving problems has led to a more productive and efficient world?

Tourism, banking, and teaching are all service sector jobs.

Eric installs engines in cars for a major automobile manufacturer in Michigan: he does a repetitive task and only knows how to install engines. Erik uses money he earns from his job to purchase most everything he needs to live his life, thus living in a society based on ______ solidarity.

In the U.S., only 13% of people were employed in the good producing sector in 2016, compared to 45% in 1910.

How did Weber describe the belief system of Europeans before the Enlightenment?

Cultural appropriation is a form of the ______ of culture.

An independent local coffee shop is an example of a business in favor of rationalization.

Beau is making a special lunch for his family of five, but the recipe is for only two servings. He can figure out how to adjust for more servings because recipes are ______.